What architectural movement emerged in response to social upheaval between the two World Wars?

The movement that emerged in response to the significant social upheaval between the two World Wars is Modernism. This architectural style arose during a time characterized by rapid industrialization, changes in technology, and a re-evaluation of traditional values and forms in society. Architects and designers sought to create structures that were emblematic of the new age, emphasizing functionality, simplicity, and a break from historical styles.

Modernism is directly linked to the desire to reflect the changes and challenges of contemporary life. It often featured clean lines, an absence of ornamentation, and the use of new materials such as steel and glass, which allowed for innovative design solutions that addressed the needs of a modern society recovering from the chaos of war and change.

While Baroque and Neoclassicism are historical styles that reflect different eras and philosophies, they do not resonate with the specific context of the two World Wars and the resultant social conditions. Postmodernism, although influential, developed later as a reaction against the principles of Modernism, rather than serving as a response to the challenges faced in the interwar period. Therefore, Modernism is the most fitting answer to represent the architectural response to the social upheaval during that significant historical timeframe.