What is defined as development that can be sustained without harming society or the environment?

The correct term for development that can be sustained without harming society or the environment is sustainability. Sustainability encompasses a broad concept that emphasizes the balance between ecological health, social equity, and economic viability. It advocates for practices that meet the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

While carrying capacity refers to the maximum population size an environment can sustain without degradation, it does not inherently involve the societal or economic considerations central to sustainability. Environmental impact focuses specifically on the effects of various activities on the environment, without emphasizing the holistic approach required for sustainable development. Societal development pertains more to the advancement of social structures and communities, which is only a part of the larger sustainability framework. Thus, sustainability is the most appropriate term in this context, as it encapsulates the essential interdependencies between social, economic, and environmental factors necessary for long-term development.