What state refers to being free from observation by others?

The correct answer is privacy. Privacy refers to the state of being free from observation, interference, or intrusion by others. It encompasses the idea of having control over personal information and the ability to maintain one's own space without being monitored or judged. In architectural and planning contexts, privacy can be crucial for residential designs, public spaces, and community layouts, where individuals may seek comfort in knowing they are not being watched.

While the other terms may relate to personal space or social interaction, they do not capture the essence of being specifically free from observation. Intimacy often refers to closeness or emotional connection between individuals. Solitude conveys the idea of being alone, but it doesn't necessarily address the aspect of observation by others. Personal distance pertains to the physical space or buffer maintained during interpersonal interactions, rather than the state of privacy itself.