What term describes the provision of central islands in streets to help vehicles slow down and allow safe pedestrian crossings?

The term that describes the provision of central islands in streets, which helps vehicles slow down and allows for safe pedestrian crossings, is channelization. Channelization involves the use of physical design elements to direct traffic flow and manage roadway interactions more effectively. Central islands serve as a visual and tactile cue for drivers, prompting them to reduce speed while also providing a safe haven for pedestrians. This design strategy enhances safety and improves the overall efficiency of traffic movement in urban areas by clearly delineating pedestrian crossing zones and creating a more organized traffic flow.

In contrast, the other terms refer to different concepts in urban planning and zoning practices. Incentive zoning relates to allowing developers to construct at a greater density or height in exchange for providing certain public benefits. Woonerf refers to a street design that prioritizes pedestrians and cyclists over vehicles, often featuring shared spaces without defined lanes. Cluster zoning involves grouping buildings in a specific area while preserving open space, which differs from the traffic management purpose of channelization.