What term refers to a city that was intentionally planned and designed?

The term that refers to a city that was intentionally planned and designed is indeed "created city." This concept encompasses cities that are conceptualized and constructed with specific layouts, functions, and aesthetics in mind rather than developing organically over time through uncoordinated growth and planning.

A created city is often designed with a vision, influencing aspects like infrastructure, land use, and community needs through careful planning. Examples of created cities can include Brasília in Brazil, which was designed with modernist principles to serve as a new capital, or even planned urban developments that arise from master plans.

While other terms like "spontaneous city" and "organic city" suggest a more gradual, unplanned growth process, the notion of a "modern city" does have some overlap with the idea of intentional planning; however, it doesn't specifically define the concept of being created from scratch with a clear intent. A modern city might reflect advancements in design and technology but does not inherently imply a completely planned environment.