Which city is famous for housing up to 80,000 inhabitants at its height?

Babylon is well-known for its historical significance and grandeur, especially during its height in the ancient world, where it housed up to 80,000 inhabitants. As a major city in ancient Mesopotamia, Babylon was the center of various advancements in architecture, science, and governance. It was the capital of the Babylonian Empire and became famous for its impressive structures, such as the Hanging Gardens, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, and the Ziggurat of Marduk.

The city's strategic location along the Euphrates River contributed to its growth as a commercial and cultural hub, attracting a diverse population and facilitating trade and communication. Its influence stretched beyond its population size, as it played a critical role in the development of writing, mathematics, and urban planning.

In contrast, the other options listed reflect different settlements with unique historical contexts. Khirokitia is an archaeological site in Cyprus known for its Neolithic settlement but did not reach a comparable population size. Damascus, while significant and populous particularly in later periods, does not have the same historical claims related to populations during the ancient era as Babylon does. Catal Huyuk, also an important Neolithic site, is noted for its early urban characteristics but again did not house