Who developed the multiple nuclei model of urban structure?

The multiple nuclei model of urban structure was developed by Chauncy Harris and Edward Ullman in their 1945 work. This model emerged as a response to the limitations of previous urban models, such as the concentric zone model and the sector model, and it proposed that cities do not grow around a single central point but rather around multiple centers of activity.

In the multiple nuclei model, various land uses can be established in different zones, which can develop independently of each other. This approach accounted for the complex nature of urban development and the influence of transportation, socioeconomic factors, and different types of land use. By recognizing that certain activities and industries benefit from being located near one another, the model provided a more realistic depiction of urban growth patterns in modern cities.

The other theorists mentioned contributed significantly to urban sociology and theories but did not develop the multiple nuclei model. E.W. Burgess is known for the concentric zone model, while Homer Hoyt developed the sector model, and James Vance is recognized for his work on urban geography and the urban landscape, though he did not formulate the multiple nuclei model.